Introduction
The Brown Trout (Salmo trutta) is a widely recognized species belonging to the Salmonidae family. They hold a reputation for being wily and elusive, making them a much sought-after catch amongst anglers worldwide.
Conservation Status
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) currently categorizes the Brown Trout as being of “Least Concern”. Conservation efforts are fairly constant due to the species’ popularity among anglers, with hatcheries and protective regulations playing a key role in maintaining their populations.
Statistics
| Statistic | Average | Range |
|---|---|---|
| Length | 20 inches | 16 – 31 inches |
| Weight | 4.4 lbs | 1 – 9 lbs |
| Lifespan | 12 years | Not specified |
Distribution
Brown Trout can be found across Europe, western Asia, and northern Africa, having also been widely introduced to other parts of the world. Of note are the great North American and New Zealander populations. The species is known for migrating upstream to spawn but generally remains within freshwater environments.
Habitats
Brown Trout prefers cold freshwater habitats. They are often seen at various depths in clear rivers, streams, and lakes. Temperature range varies between 4 – 19 degrees Celsius for optimum survival.
When and Where to See
Brown Trout are most active during the cooler months. Their activity peak is at dawn and dusk, but they can be seen throughout the day.
Best Fishing Locations
- Henry’s Fork, Idaho, USA
- Gaula River, Norway
- Karamea River, New Zealand
- River Test, England
- Lake Michigan, USA
- Thredbo River, Australia
- Lake Taupo, New Zealand
- River Tummel, Scotland
- Malleo River, Argentina
- Assynt Lochs, Scotland
To find Brown Trout, look for fast flowing, oxygen-rich water or vegetated lake areas where they are likely to find shelter and food.
How to Catch
Brown Trout are often caught using a variety of methods from spin fishing with lures to fly fishing with mayflies, caddisflies, and stoneflies. Best fishing season is usually spring and fall, while early morning and late evening prove to be the most successful times.
Identification Guide
The Brown Trout displays a distinct brown or golden-brown body, adorned with black and red-orange spots encircled in a pale halo. Care must be taken not to confuse it with the closely related Atlantic Salmon.
Culinary
Brown Trout boasts a light, nutty flavor, successfully cooked in a variety of styles. Grilled, baked, pan-fried, or smoked, the fish retains resolute popularity within international cuisine. As a top source of lean protein, it offers a variety of minerals including potassium, magnesium, and omega-3 fatty acids.
Additional Information
Apart from their angling popularity, Brown Trout also serve as an important diet for large fish-eating birds and mammals. They are sight feeders mainly consuming insects, mollusks, crustaceans, fish eggs, and small fish. They are also known to show interesting spawning behavior – males develop kype (hooked lower jaw) and become pugnacious.
References and Further Reading
For further information on Brown Trout, the following sources provide comprehensive insights:
IUCN Red List
FishBase
U.S Fish and Wildlife Brown trout
International Game Fish Association