Introduction
Species Name: Great White Shark
Family Name: Carcharodon
The Great White Shark, scientifically known as Carcharodon carcharias, is one of the most infamous marine predators.
Conservation Status
Current Status: Vulnerable
Conservation Efforts
Efforts to conserve the Great White shark include regulation of fishing, protection in certain areas, and raising public awareness. These measures are vital, considering their vulnerable status in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List.
Statistics
| Specification | Average | Range |
|---|---|---|
| Length | 4.5m (Female), 3.5m (Male) | 3.4 – 6.1m |
| Weight | 680kg (Female), 500kg (Male) | 522 – 770kg |
| Average Lifespan | 70 years |
Distribution
Regions/Countries
Great White shark territories span every major ocean, but they primarily thrive in temperate coastal waters. Some countries with notable populations are Australia, South Africa, United States (particularly California), and Japan.
Migration patterns
Great Whites are known to undertake long migrations. They travel to temperate waters to feed during the summer and to tropical waters to breed during winter.
Habitats
Water type
Mostly found in coastal and offshore waters.
Depth range
Great Whites are usually observed at depths of up to 1,200m.
Temperature range
They are comfortable in temperatures ranging from 12 to 24°C (54 to 75°F).
When and Where to See
The best time to spot them is during the summer, primarily at dawn and dusk, along the coast.
Best Fishing Locations
Top Locations
While fishing Great Whites is generally illegal due to their status, shark-watching spots include:
- False Bay, South Africa
- Neptune Islands, Australia
- Guadalupe Island, Mexico
- Farallon Islands, US
- Stewart Island, New Zealand
Identification Guide
Great Whites are distinguishable by their slate-grey upper body that contrasts sharply with a stark white underside. They have pointed snouts and menacing sets of serrated teeth.
Culinary
As a protected species, it is not legal to catch and cook Great White Sharks.
Additional Information
Behavior
Great Whites are known for their breaching behavior where they spring out of the water to catch seals. They are solitary hunters but may aggregate around abundant food sources.
Predators and Threats
Their only natural predators are Killer Whales. The greatest threats come from humans through illegal fishing and accidental catch.
Cultural/Historical Significance
The Great White Shark has been a figure of fear and fascination, inspiring films like “Jaws.”
References and Further Reading
Recommended readings include “The Devil’s Teeth: A True Story of Obsession and Survival Among America’s Great White Sharks” by Susan Casey and research articles from the Marine Conservation Science Institute