Introduction
The Tiger Shark, or Galeocerdo cuvier, is a large, predatory species in the family Carcharhinidae. Known for its characteristic dark stripes on its body that resemble the pattern of a tiger, this shark has garnered the moniker “Sea Tiger”.
Conservation Status
The Tiger Shark is currently listed as “Near Threatened” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Some ongoing conservation efforts include strict regulations on commercial and recreational fishing, protection in certain marine parks and conservation areas, and increased public awareness of the species’ ecological importance and vulnerability to overfishing.
Statistics
A mature Tiger Shark typically measures between 10 to 14 feet in length, but can grow as all as 20 feet. Generally, the Tiger Shark weighs between 850 to 1400 pounds. As for their lifespan, Tiger sharks live around 15 years on average, but some have been known to live up to 50 years in the wild.
Distribution
Tiger Sharks inhabit a wide range of ocean habitats, but are most commonly found in tropical and subtropical waters. They are ubiquitous in both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, particularly around the central Pacific islands. Tiger Sharks do not follow specific migratory patterns, but are known to journey long distances to find warmer waters or to reproduce.
Habitats
These versatile sea creatures prefer warm, coastal waters and are often found in depths of 350 to 380 meters. However, they are also known to venture into river estuaries and harbors.
When and Where to See
Tiger Sharks are most active at night and are often sighted in the warm summer months. During the day, they are typically found lurking near the bottom of their aquatic habitat.
Best Fishing Locations
Tiger Sharks are most often caught off the coasts of places like Hawaii, Florida, Australia, and South Africa. For those looking to catch a Tiger Shark, the waters around these areas have proven to be particularly prosperous.
General Tips
Be patient and persistent. Shark fishing often involves a lot of waiting. Always be on guard, as Tiger Sharks are particularly aggressive when threatened or hooked.
How to Catch
As scavengers, Tiger Sharks aren’t particularly picky eaters. Popular bait includes stingrays, sea turtles, seabirds, and even other smaller sharks. The best fishing techniques for Tiger Sharks include surf fishing, boat fishing, and underwater spearfishing – although this should only be attempted by experienced divers due to the species’ aggressive nature when cornered.
Identification Guide
Tiger Sharks have a distinct appearance that includes a blunt nose, a torpedo-shaped body, and, of course, the dark, vertical stripes running the length of their body. They have a unique dental structure with sharp, curved teeth that are ideal for slicing through flesh and breaking turtle shells or bird bones.
Culinary
While not commonly consumed in many cultures, the Tiger Shark’s meat is often used in fish and chips in Australia and some parts of America. The meat is said to have a mild, somewhat sweet flavor and is low in fat.
Additional Information
Tiger Sharks are solitary predators and have a broad diet that includes everything from crustaceans and fish, to sea birds and other sharks. They pose a significant threat to sea turtles and dugongs and have even been known to consume inedible manmade objects that float on the water’s surface. Their only major threats come from human activities such as fishing and habitat destruction.
References and Further Reading
For more detailed and scientific information about Tiger Sharks, the following source is recommended.
- Florida Museum – Tiger Shark
- NOAA Fisheries: Tiger Shark