Introduction
Species Name: Walleye (Sander vitreus)
Family Name: Percidae
Conservation Status
Current Status: Least Concern
Conservation Efforts: There are numerous local, state, and national efforts to maintain healthy populations, including habitat preservation and catch-and-release programs.
Statistics
| Statistics | Average | Range |
|---|---|---|
| Length | 20 inches | 10-30 inches |
| Weight | 3-4 lbs | 1-20 lbs |
| Average Lifespan | 20 years |
Distribution
Regions/Countries: North America, principally in Canada and Northern United States.
Migration Patterns: Walleye typically migrate downstream in the fall and upstream in the spring for spawning.
Habitats
Water Type: Freshwater
Depth Range: Shallow, 15-20 feet, but goes deeper in bright light
Temperature Range: Prefer cooler waters, 65-75 degrees Fahrenheit
When and Where to See
Seasonal Patterns: Most active in cooler months, particularly spring and fall
Time of Day: These fish are primarily nocturnal, most active at dusk and dawn
Best Fishing Locations
- Lake Erie, Ohio and Ontario
- Bays de Noc, Michigan
- Devils Lake, North Dakota
- Lake Oahe, South Dakota
- Lake of the Woods, Minnesota/Ontario
- Mississippi River, Minnesota to Louisiana
- Lake Sakakawea, North Dakota
- Kobuk River, Alaska
- St. Mary’s River, Michigan/Ontario
- Columbia River, Washington/Oregon
General Tips
Walleyes are most often found near the bottom of lakes and rivers. Look for rocky areas and drop-offs.
How to Catch
Preferred Bait or Lures: Minnows, worms, leeches, or artificial lures with a similar shape and movement
Fishing Techniques: Jigging, trolling, bottom fishing
Best Time of Day or Season for Fishing: Dawn and dusk during the spring and fall
Identification Guide
Physical Characteristics: Olive-green to brown color, cloudy-white eyes, pronounced canine teeth
Comparison with Similar Species: Similar to the Sauger, but has a white spot on the lower tip of the tail and no spots on the dorsal fin
Culinary
How to Cook: Best cooked by grilling, frying, or baking
Taste Profile: Mild, sweet flavor with a firm texture
Nutritional Information: High in protein, low in fat
Additional Information
Behavior: The Walleye is a highly predatory fish, with a diet primarily consisting of smaller fish, insects, and crustaceans.
Predators and Threats: Natural predators include Northern Pike and Muskellunge. Human-induced threats include overfishing and habitat destruction.
References and Further Reading
For more information, check out the following resources: